2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家 （2113 Geoscientists and oceanographers） - Immiknow NOC - LEVEL A
地球科學(xué)家包括地質(zhì)學(xué)家，地球化學(xué)家和地球物理學(xué)家，他們開(kāi)展各種項(xiàng)目去探究調(diào)查，從而能夠擴(kuò)展有關(guān)地球結(jié)構(gòu)，組成和形成過(guò)程的知識(shí)；定位，確定并提取碳?xì)浠衔铮V物質(zhì)和地下水資源；評(píng)估并緩解環(huán)境發(fā)展和無(wú)水處理項(xiàng)目。海洋學(xué)家開(kāi)展各種項(xiàng)目去探究調(diào)查海洋形成過(guò)程和各種現(xiàn)象，海洋的生物特征，化學(xué)特征和物理特征，大氣和地地質(zhì)環(huán)境的相互影響，以及人類活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。地球?qū)W家受雇于石油和采礦公司，咨詢地質(zhì)、地球物理學(xué)和工程公司，以及政府和教育部門，或者自雇。海洋學(xué)家受雇于政府，教育部門和海底沉積物開(kāi)采行業(yè)的私有企業(yè)，或者自雇。
Geoscientists include geologists, geochemists and geophysicists who conduct programs of exploration and research to extend knowledge of the structure, composition and processes of the earth, to locate, identify and extract hydrocarbon, mineral and groundwater resources and to assess and mitigate the effects of development and waste disposal projects on the environment. Oceanographers conduct programs of exploration and research on ocean processes and phenomena, biological, chemical and physical characteristics of oceans, interactions with atmospheric and geological environments and impacts of human activity on oceans and marine ecosystems. Geoscientists are employed by petroleum and mining companies, consulting geology, geophysics and engineering firms and by governments and educational institutions, or they may be self-employed. Oceanographers are employed by governments, educational institutions and private companies engaged in exploration of seafloor deposits and seafarming areas, or they may be self-employed.
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家頭銜范例 Example Titles - Immiknow NOC
* 開(kāi)發(fā)地質(zhì)學(xué)家 development geologist
* 環(huán)境地質(zhì)學(xué)家 environmental geologist
* 勘探地質(zhì)學(xué)家 exploration geologist
* 地球化學(xué) geochemist
* 地質(zhì)學(xué)家 geologist
* 地球物理學(xué)家 geophysicist
* 冰川學(xué)家 glaciologist
* 地下水地質(zhì)學(xué)家 groundwater geologist
* 水文地質(zhì)學(xué)家 hydrogeologist
* 水文學(xué)家 hydrologist
* 礦山地質(zhì)學(xué)家 mine geologist
* 礦物學(xué)家 mineralogist
* 海洋學(xué)家 oceanographer
* 古生物學(xué)家 paleontologist
* 石油地質(zhì)學(xué)家 petroleum geologist
* 巖石學(xué)家 petrologist
* 沉積學(xué)家 sedimentologist
* 地震學(xué)家 seismologist
* 地層學(xué)家 stratigrapher
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家主要職責(zé) Main duties - Immiknow NOC
### 2113 地球?qū)W家主要職責(zé) - Immiknow NOC
* 開(kāi)展理論和實(shí)踐調(diào)研，擴(kuò)展有關(guān)地球表面和地表下巖石特征，地球發(fā)展史和影響其演變的物理、化學(xué)和生物體系操作的相關(guān)知識(shí)
Conduct theoretical and applied research to extend knowledge of surface and subsurface features of the earth, its history and the operation of physical, chemical and biological systems that control its evolution
* 計(jì)劃，引導(dǎo)和參與地質(zhì)領(lǐng)域、地球化學(xué)領(lǐng)域和地球物理領(lǐng)域的學(xué)習(xí)，訓(xùn)練和地址測(cè)試項(xiàng)目
Plan, direct and participate in geological, geochemical and geophysical field studies, drilling and geological testing programs
* 計(jì)劃和開(kāi)展地震，電磁，地磁，重量，輻射，雷達(dá)和其他遙感項(xiàng)目
Plan and conduct seismic, electromagnetic, magnetic, gravimetric, radiometric, radar and other remote sensing programs
* 計(jì)劃，引導(dǎo)和參與地址、地球化學(xué)和地球物理調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)、測(cè)井曲線和其他測(cè)試結(jié)果、地圖，注意事項(xiàng)和橫截面的分析
Plan, direct and participate in analyses of geological, geochemical and geophysical survey data, well logs and other test results, maps, notes and cross sections
* 為數(shù)據(jù)的分析和闡釋設(shè)計(jì)模型和應(yīng)用軟件
Develop models and applied software for the analysis and interpretation of data
* 計(jì)劃和開(kāi)展核心樣本、鉆粉和巖石樣本的分析研究，確認(rèn)化學(xué)、礦物、碳?xì)浠衔锖蜕飿?gòu)成并評(píng)估沉積環(huán)境和地質(zhì)年代
Plan and conduct analytical studies of core samples, drill cuttings and rock samples to identify chemical, mineral, hydrocarbon and biological composition and to assess depositional environments and geological age
* 評(píng)估礦脈巖體的發(fā)展方向和構(gòu)成以及碳?xì)浠衔锏某练e
Assess the size, orientation and composition of mineral ore bodies and hydrocarbon deposits
* 確認(rèn)建筑材料的沉積以了解他們的特點(diǎn)和合適性來(lái)指導(dǎo)我們使用混凝土骨材料，鋪路材料和其他實(shí)際應(yīng)用
Identify deposits of construction materials and determine their characteristics and suitability for use as concrete aggregates, road fill or for other applications
* 為地區(qū)發(fā)展開(kāi)展地質(zhì)和地球物理研究，并對(duì)基地選擇，浪費(fèi)管理和污染區(qū)域的恢復(fù)等領(lǐng)域提出建議
Conduct geological and geophysical studies for regional development and advise in areas such as site selection, waste management and restoration of contaminated sites
* 給土地的收購(gòu)，開(kāi)采，映射項(xiàng)目和礦山開(kāi)發(fā)提出建議
Recommend the acquisition of lands, exploration and mapping programs and mine development
* 確定并就預(yù)期的自然風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提出建議，例如坡面侵蝕，山體滑坡，土壤不穩(wěn)定及下沉，地震和火山噴發(fā)
Identify and advise on anticipated natural risks such as slope erosion, landslides, soil instability, subsidence, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
* 監(jiān)督并協(xié)調(diào)鉆井，工作的完成和采礦工程
May supervise and co-ordinate well drilling, completion and work-overs and mining activities.
### 2113 海洋學(xué)家主要職責(zé) - Immiknow NOC
* 開(kāi)展有關(guān)海洋學(xué)項(xiàng)目和探險(xiǎn)的理論和實(shí)踐調(diào)研來(lái)拓展有關(guān)海洋的物理、化學(xué)、生物特征和海洋的功能
Conduct theoretical and applied oceanographic research programs and expeditions to extend knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological properties and functioning of oceans
* 計(jì)劃，引導(dǎo)和參與海水、浮游生物、魚類、沉積物和巖石的取樣和分析
Plan, direct and participate in sampling and analysis of seawater, plankton, fish, sediments and rocks
* 學(xué)習(xí)海洋的物理特性來(lái)發(fā)展模型、圖標(biāo)和海洋條件的計(jì)算機(jī)模擬，例如潮汐、海浪、氣流和泥沙流移
Study physical properties of oceans to develop models, charts and computer simulations of ocean conditions, such as tides, waves, currents and sediment transport
* 探測(cè)海洋地層和海底地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，開(kāi)展地震測(cè)量調(diào)查，學(xué)習(xí)大洋盆地的形成和其他的地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)繪制海洋地層，海岸侵蝕，沉積物積淀等以及近海石油和天然氣開(kāi)采區(qū)域
Explore ocean floor and submarine geological structures, conduct seismic surveys and study formation of ocean basins and other structures to map ocean floor, coastal erosion, sediment accumulation and areas for offshore oil and gas exploration
* 計(jì)劃并開(kāi)展關(guān)于海洋化學(xué)特征和形成過(guò)程、海洋地層、海洋大氣層和海底火山的調(diào)查，并研究其對(duì)環(huán)境變化的影響
Plan and conduct investigations on ocean chemical properties and processes, ocean floor and marine atmosphere and undersea volcanoes to study impacts of environmental changes
* 學(xué)習(xí)海洋生物，物理和化學(xué)環(huán)境的互動(dòng)來(lái)評(píng)估污染物對(duì)海洋生態(tài)的影響，并從生態(tài)學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)發(fā)展海洋養(yǎng)殖方法
Study marine life and interaction with physical and chemical environments to assess impacts of pollutants on marine ecology and to develop ecologically-based methods of seafarming.
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家河海洋學(xué)家任職要求 Employment requirements - Immiknow NOC
* 地球科學(xué)家要求地質(zhì)學(xué)，地球化學(xué)，地球物理和相關(guān)學(xué)科的本科學(xué)位
Geoscientists require a university degree in geology, geochemistry, geophysics or a related discipline.
* 地球物理，物理學(xué)，數(shù)學(xué)和工程學(xué)碩士學(xué)位或本科學(xué)位，要求地球物理學(xué)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)
A master's or doctoral degree in geophysics, physics, mathematics or engineering may be required for employment as a geophysicist.
* 省級(jí)或國(guó)家注冊(cè)認(rèn)可的專業(yè)工程師，地質(zhì)學(xué)家，地球物理學(xué)者和地學(xué)科學(xué)家，要求工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)或在紐芬蘭，拉布拉多，亞伯達(dá)，不列顛哥倫比亞，西北地區(qū)和努樂(lè)維特等地有實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷
Registration with a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers, geologists, geophysicists or geoscientists is usually required for employment and is mandatory to practice in Newfoundland and Labrador, Alberta, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
* 地質(zhì)學(xué)家和地球物理學(xué)者畢業(yè)后獲得一個(gè)認(rèn)可的教育計(jì)劃，若干年的管理工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及在某些省通過(guò)專業(yè)實(shí)踐考試
Geologists and geophysicists are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program and after several years of supervised work experience and, in some provinces, after passing a professional practice examination.
* 海洋學(xué)家要求在科學(xué)，數(shù)學(xué)，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)和工程學(xué)專業(yè)的本科學(xué)位以及海洋學(xué)畢業(yè)的畢業(yè)證
Oceanographers require a university degree in science, mathematics, statistics or engineering and usually require a graduate degree in oceanography.
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家附加信息 Additional information - Immiknow NOC
* 在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)人士亦可
Mobility between specializations in this group is possible with experience.
* 有相關(guān)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的管理崗位或更高的管理者亦可
Progression to supervisory or higher level positions is possible with experience in this unit group.
* 礦業(yè)，石油和其他相關(guān)行業(yè)的管理層亦可
Advancement to management positions in mining, petroleum and other industries is possible with experience.
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家其他分類 Classified elsewhere - Immiknow NOC
* 建筑和科學(xué)管理 Architecture and science managers ([0212](0212))
* 生物學(xué)家和相關(guān)科學(xué)家 Biologists and related scientists ([2121](2121))
* 化學(xué)家 Chemists ([2112](2112))
* 地質(zhì)工程師 Geological engineers ([2144](2144))
* 自然資源生產(chǎn)和捕魚經(jīng)理 Managers in natural resources production and fishing ([0811](0811))
* 物理學(xué)家和天文學(xué)家 Physicists and astronomers ([2111](2111))
## 2113 地球科學(xué)家和海洋學(xué)家職稱頭銜 Titles - Immiknow NOC
* 生物海洋學(xué)家 biological oceanographer
* 生物地層學(xué)家 biostratigrapher
* 化學(xué)海洋學(xué)家 chemical oceanographer
* 煤炭地質(zhì)學(xué)家 coal geologist
* 咨詢地質(zhì)學(xué)家 consulting geologist
* 咨詢地球物理學(xué)家 consulting geophysicist
* 開(kāi)發(fā)地質(zhì)學(xué)家 development geologist
* 環(huán)境地質(zhì)學(xué)家 environmental geologist
* 勘探地質(zhì)學(xué)家 exploration geologist
* 勘探地球物理學(xué)家 exploration geophysicist
* 漁業(yè)海洋學(xué)家 fisheries oceanographer
* 地球化學(xué) geochemist
* 地質(zhì)海洋學(xué)家 geological oceanographer
* 地質(zhì)學(xué)家 geologist
* 地質(zhì)學(xué)家，地下水 geologist, groundwater
* 地質(zhì)學(xué)家，石油 geologist, petroleum
* 地貌學(xué)家 geomorphologist
* 地球物理學(xué)家 geophysicist
* 地球物理學(xué)家，勘探 geophysicist, exploration
* 冰川學(xué)家 glaciologist
* 地下水地質(zhì)學(xué)家 groundwater geologist
* 水文地質(zhì)學(xué)家 hydrogeologist
* 海道測(cè)量師 - 地質(zhì) hydrographic surveyor – geology
* 水文學(xué)家 hydrologist
* 冰專家 - 海洋學(xué) ice specialist – oceanography
* 海洋地質(zhì)學(xué)家 marine geologist
* 海洋地球物理學(xué)家 marine geophysicist
* 礦山地質(zhì)學(xué)家 mine geologist
* 礦物學(xué)家 mineralogist
* 采礦地質(zhì)學(xué)家 mining geologist
* 海洋學(xué)家 oceanographer
* 石油地質(zhì)學(xué)家 oil geologist
* 古植物學(xué) paleobotanist
* 古生態(tài)學(xué)家 paleoecologist
* 古生物學(xué)家 paleontologist
* 孢粉學(xué)家 palynologist
* 巖相學(xué)家 petrographer
* 攝影地址學(xué)家 photogeologist
* 石油地質(zhì)學(xué)家 petroleum geologist
* 巖石學(xué)家 petrologist
* 巖石物理學(xué)家 petrophysicist
* 物理海洋學(xué)家 physical oceanographer
* 砂礦地質(zhì)學(xué)家 placer geologist
* 探礦地質(zhì)學(xué)家 prospecting geologist
* 季科學(xué)家 quaternary scientist
* 季專家 quaternary specialist
* 遙感地質(zhì) remote sensing geologist
* 沉積地質(zhì)學(xué)家 sedimentary geologist
* 沉積學(xué)者 sedimentologist
* 地震學(xué)家 seismologist
* 地層工作者 stratigrapher
* 結(jié)構(gòu)地質(zhì)學(xué)家 structural geologist
* 火山學(xué)家 volcanologist
* 井場(chǎng)統(tǒng)籌員 - 地質(zhì) wellsite co-ordinator – geology
